Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Fecal Bacteria Implicated in Biofilm Production Are Enriched and Associate to Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With APECED – A Pilot Study

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668219

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on Bray–Curtis distances using the phylum-level data showing differences in the gut microbiota compositions between patients with APECED (black) and healthy controls (red). (B) The relative abundances of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in patients with APECED (open circles) compared to healthy controls (black circles). * indicates FDR- P -value < 0.05 (C) Composition of the gut microbiota at the family level of patients with APECED and healthy controls. For readability, the composition of the controls is shown as mean relative abundance. Anti- Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), antibodies against tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), gastrointestinal symptoms and results of stool yeast analysis are shown for each patient. – negative/low, + positive, ++ markedly positive i.e. severe symptoms, ~ average.

Article Snippet: The ASCA were quantified from patient sera with the Anti- Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies IgG test kit (Bio-Rad, USA) as instructed by the manufacturer.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Article Title: Pathology and pathogenesis of bluetongue virus serotype 24 during experimental infection in native sheep

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1710415

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of BTV antibodies by c-ELISA in BTV-24-infected (red line) and uninfected control (green line) animals at different days post-inoculation (DPI). Serum samples with percent inhibition (PI) values ≥ 45% were considered positive. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference ( p < 0.05) between groups.

Article Snippet: Twelve indigenous nondescript adult sheep of either sex aged between 2 and 3 years of approximately 30–40 kg were procured from livestock farmers after screening and negative for BTV antibodies using a competitive-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) kit (Bluetongue virus antibody cELISA test kit, VMRD Inc., Pullman, WA, USA).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Infection, Control, Inhibition